夏南牛Y-STRs和Y-SNPs多态性及父系起源研究

Study on the Polymorphisms and Paternal Origin of Y-STRs and Y-SNPs in Xianan Cattle

[目的]为从分子水平上探究夏南牛的父系遗传多态性、群体遗传结构及起源。[方法]采用直接测序、荧光微卫星分型方法。[结果]通过2个Y-SNPs标记(UTY-19和ZFY-10)分析发现,32头夏南牛属于普通牛Y2单倍型组,所占频率为100%。通过2个Y-STRs位点(INRA189和BM861)的遗传多态性分析,发现32头夏南牛在2个Y-STRs标记中均无多态性,INRA189标记只有102bp等位基因,BM861标记只有158bp等位基因。结合Y-SNP与Y-STRs的分型结果,判定夏南牛只有1种Y染色体单倍型(Y2-102-158),其Y染色体单倍型多样度为0。[结论]夏南牛只有Y2普通牛父系起源且父系遗传基础稳定、单一,这与夏南牛的培育历史相一致。

[Objective]This study aims to explore the paternal genetic polymorphism,population genetic structure and origin of Xianan cattle at the molecular level.[Methods]Direct sequencing and fluorescence microsatellite typing were used.[Results]Through the analysis of two Y-SNPs markers（UTY-19 and ZFY-10）,it was found that 32 Xianan cattle were belonged to the Y2 haplotype group of ordinary cattle,accounting for 100% frequency.Through the two Y-STRs loci（INRA189 and BM861）genetic polymorphism analysis,we found that there was no polymorphism in two Y-STRs loci in 32 Xianan cattle,and INRA189 marker was only 102 bp,while the BM861 marker was only 158 bp.Combined with the genotyping results of Y-SNPs and Y-STRs,it was determined that there was only one type of Y chromosome haplotype（Y2-102-158）,and the diversity of Y chromosome haplotype was zero.[Conclusion]Xianan cattle has only Y2 common cattle paternal origin,and the paternal genetic basis is stable and single,which is consistent with the cultivation history of Xianan cattle.