延边牛Y染色体遗传多样性与父系起源研究

Study on Genetic DDiversity and Paternal Origin of Y Chromosome in Yanbian Cattle

[目的]为了研究延边牛Y染色体遗传多样性以及父系起源。[方法]采用PCR扩增、直接测序和生物信息学方法,分析延边牛的2个Y-SNPs标记(UTY19和ZFY10)和2个Y-STRs标记(INRA189和BM861)的遗传多样性。[结果]Y-SNPs标记检测发现延边牛有Y1和Y2单倍型组,2个Y-STRs标记在延边牛品种检测发现只有INRA189表现多态性(98bp/102bp/104bp)。结合Y-SNPs与Y-STRs的分型结果,确定延边牛有3种Y染色体单倍型Y1-98-158、Y2-102-158和Y2-104-158,所占频率分别为0.031、0.938和0.031,其Y染色体单倍型多样度为0.1230±0.0777,表明延边牛父系遗传多样性很低,父系遗传稳定。[结论]延边牛为普通牛父系起源,其中Y2单倍型组占明显优势。

[Objective]Exploring the Y chromosome genetic diversity and paternal origin of Yanbian cattle.[Methods]Genetic diversities of two Y-SNPs markers（UTY19 and ZFY10）and two Y-STRs markers（INRA189 and BM861）in Yanbian cattle were analyzed by PCR amplification,direct sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.[Results]Y-SNPs marker detection showed that Yanbian cattle had Y1 and Y2 haplotype groups,and two Y-STRs markers showed only SINR189 polymorphism（98 bp/102 bp/104 bp）in Yanbian cattle breeds.Combined with the typing results of Y-SNPs and Y-STRs,it was determined that Yanbian cattle had three Y chromosome haplotypes Y1-98-158,Y2-102-158 and Y2-104-158,which accounted for 0.031,0.938,and 0.031,respectively.Moreover,the haplotype diversity of the Y chromosome was 0.1230±0.0777,indicating that the genetic diversity of Yanbian cattle paternal is very low,and the paternal inheritance is stable.[Conclusion]Yanbian cattle was the origin of common cattle paternity,and the Y2 haplotype group had obvious advantages.