汉民族意识与明清两汉题材历史演义创作

The Consciousness of the Han Nationality and the Creation of Historical Romance in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

汉民族意识是汉族人民对本民族的集体认同,时刻影响汉族人民的生产和生活。汉民族意识经历夏商周和春秋战国时期的发展,最终形成于汉武帝时期。汉民族意识主要包括华夷之辨、大一统和爱国主义。在民族御侮时期,易于激发汉民族意识,从而团结各阶层人民进行民族自救。明末清初,大明王朝内外交困,国家危在旦夕,文士借助创作两汉题材历史演义以唤起民众的汉民族意识。两汉题材历史演义经历半个多世纪的创作过程,演义的重点内容与明末清初时局密切相关。

The consciousness of the Han nationality is the collective identity of the Han people to the nation. It always affects the production and life of the Han people. The Han nationality consciousness experienced the development of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, the Spring and Autumn period, and the WaiTing States period. It was eventually formed during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han dynasty. The consciousness of the Han nationality mainly includes the distinction between the Han and the ethnic minorities, national unity, and patriotism. In times of state resistance to bullying, these elements couht easily arouse the consciousness of the Han nationality, so as to unite people of all classes to save themselves. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the dynasty was beset with internal and external difficulties, and the country was in danger. At this time, the literati used the historical romance of the eastern and western Han dynasties to arouse people＇s awareness of the Han nationality. The historical romance of the eastern and western Han dynasties went through a creation of more than half a centriry,the main content of which is closely related to the historical reality of the late Ming and early Qing dynasty.