民国初期北京妓女状况探析

Analysis of the Status of Prostitutes in Beijing in the Early Republic of China

民国初期,基本承袭了清末妓女的发展脉络,然而,剧烈的社会变革使民国初期北京的妓女群体呈现出鲜明的特点:一是呈区域分布,按等级划分;二是运用班子制、大院制和住家制等经营模式;三是采取政府当局的宏观管理和妓院老板、领家的内部管理等运营手段。同时,这一时期对妓女的不幸遭遇引发社会各界的广泛关注,改良娼妓的呼声日益高涨。作为政治中心的北京,民国初期妓女发展具有一定的代表性,因而对这一时期北京妓女的状况进行探析,能更好的掌握这一时期妓女发展的整体情况。

The development of prostitutes in the era of Republic of China basicaly followed the way it was in the late Qing Dynasty. However, dramatic social changes have made the prostitutes in Beijing present distinct characteristics.The first is the regional distribution, according to the social class; The second is the use of business models such as group system, courtyard system and home-based system; The third is to adopt other means of operation, which contain combain the macro management of the government with the inner management of the brothel owners and the heads. At the same time, the plight of prostitutes aroused wide attentions from all sectors of society, and the calls for the improvement of prostitutes increased day by day. During the early days of the Republic of China, the development of prostitutes in Beijing, the political center, has certain representativeness. Thus analysising the prostitutes in Beijing during this period can help us better grasp the overall situation of the development of the prostitutes.