传统村落类型划分及活化引导策略研究——以黄山市92个国家级传统村落为例

Developing a Typology of Traditional Villages and Corresponding Policy Guides: Research Based on 92 National-Level Traditional Villages in Huangshan City

传统村落作为活态的文化遗产,承载了大量的历史记忆、人文生态、建筑哲学和社会发展轨迹。传统村落的类型划分对传统村落保护发挥着积极作用,能够将传统村落的传统文化资源转化为乡村振兴的动力,同时可以促进传统资源的高效利用与传统文化的活态传承。本文以安徽省黄山市92个国家级传统村落为样本,运用文献归纳分析与专家评价意见相结合的方式,依据国家发布的传统村落相关文件及基础资料,综合构建评价指标体系,将其类型划分为历史积淀类、村域格局类、传统建筑类、民俗文化类和全面综合类五大类,为不同类型的传统村落根据类型特征与村落特色提出活化引导策略,并得出传统村落保护发展的研究展望,以期实现我国传统村落整体的可持续发展。

As living cultural heritage, traditional villages carry a large amount of historical memory, cultural ecology, architectural philosophy and social development trajectory. The classifcation of traditional villages plays an active role in the protection of traditional villages. It can turn the traditional cultural resources of traditional villages into the driving force for rural revitalization. At the same time, it can promote the efcient use of resources and living inheritance of traditional culture. This paper uses 92 national-level traditional villages in Huangshan city as a sample for research. The paper mainly bases on related documents and basic data released by our government, uses a combination of literature summarization method and expert opinion method, to build an evaluation index system. The traditional villages are classifed into fve series： historical treasure, village laydown, traditional architecture, traditional culture and synthetically type. They provide a vivid revitalization guidance for different types of traditional villages according to their series characteristics and village feature. The paper intends to draw the prospects of traditional village protection and development and fnally achieve sustainable development of the all traditional villages in our country.