改革开放40年乡村教师政策的变迁逻辑与未来走向

The Logic and Future Direction of Rural Teachers’ Policy in the Past 40 Years of Reform and Opening up

乡村教师是推动我国“城乡教育一体化”的主要力量.改革开放40年来,我国乡村教师政策经历了巩固与调整时期、法制化时期、城乡统筹发展时期、深化改革时期四个阶段.乡村教师政策遵循了以“管理体制调整”为手段的政策形成的动力机制、以“政策价值”为导向的政策目标的价值取向、以“教师专业化和财政倾斜投入”为抓手的政策实施的过程保障和以“公共管理话语”为主导的政策话语的文化规则的变迁逻辑.乡村教师政策的未来走向应体现“统一协调”的动力形成机制、“多元取向”的价值取向、“强化监督与保障”的过程保障以及“民意参与”的政策话语.

Rural teachers are the main force to promote the integration of urban and rural education in China. In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,China’s rural teacher policy has experienced 4 stages,namely, the period of consolidation andadjustment,the period of legalization, the period of urban and rural overall development, and the period of deepening the reform.Rural teachers’ policies followed the dynamic mechanism of the formation of rural teacher policies based on the adjustment of themanagement system,the value orientation of policy objectives of rural teachers based on policy value, the process guarantee of theimplementation of rural teachers policy with teacher professionalization and more fiscal investment, and the changing logic of thecultural rules of rural school teachers’ policy discourses based on public management discourse. The future direction of ruralteachers’ policies should represent the dynamic formation mechanism of “ uniform coordination ”, the value orientation of“diversity orientation”, the process guarantee of “enhanced supervision and security”, and the policy discourse of “public opin-ion participation”.