循环肿瘤DNA在晚期乳腺癌的临床应用进展

Research progression and clinical application of circulating tumor DNA in advanced breast cancer

晚期乳腺癌是严重威胁全世界女性健康的第一大恶性肿瘤,目前以综合治疗为主,包括化疗、内分泌治疗和靶向治疗等。短期内复发、转移是限制临床疗效和导致患者预后差的重要因素,而影像学检查和传统血清标记物却难以及时有效地监测肿瘤的复发转移,导致临床治疗决策迟滞。因此,研发灵敏、准确、非/低侵入性的疗效监测方法至关重要。循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)是游离于血浆中的来源于肿瘤细胞的坏死、凋亡和分泌过程的DNA。多项研究证实检测ct DNA突变水平变化对于恶性肿瘤早期诊断、用药指导、复发监测有着巨大的应用潜力。本文将对ct DNA监测晚期乳腺癌的临床应用研究进展综述如下。

Advanced breast cancer is the first malignant tumor that seriously threathens the health of women worldwide. Comprehensive treatment is the current major treatment, including chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy. Short-term recurrence and metastasis are the most crucial risk that restrict clinical efficacy and lead to poor prognosis. However, imaging and traditional serum markers are difficult to monitor the recurrence of tumor cell levels in a timely manner, leading to delayed clinical decision-making. Therefore, the development of sensitive, accurate, none/low invasive efficacy monitoring method is critical. Circulating tumor DNA （ctDNA） is a kind of DNA free from plasma and derived from tumor cells during the process of necrosis, apoptosis and secretion. A number of studies have shown that it has a huge potential in detection of ctDNA mutation levels in the early diagnosis of cancer, medication guidance, relapse monitoring. This review summarizes recent research progress on it.