配方施肥对早稻产量及土壤理化性状的影响

Effect of Formula Fertilization on Early Season Rice Yield and Soil Physical and Chemical Properties

通过定位配方施肥试验,研究5种不同施肥制度对早稻产量和土壤理化性状的影响。结果显示:不同施肥水平下,磷肥缺失对早稻农艺性状影响较弱,氮肥缺失对早稻各种农艺性状影响最大;不同施肥制度下早稻实际产量顺序是N_2P_2K_2>N_2P_0K_2>N_2P_2K_0>N_0P_2K_2>N_0P_0K_0;从肥料养分利用率来看,早稻对氮肥的依赖性较大,氮肥的利用率最高,磷肥利用率最低;从土壤的理化性状来看,有机质、碱解氮数值比试验前发生明显增幅,全氮、有效磷和速效钾则是大量消耗。又以全氮和速效钾的含量在试验前后差异最大。

Localized formula fertilization experiment was carried out to study effects of 5 different fertilization methods on early season rice production and soil physical and chemical properties. Results showed that lack of phosphorus had minimal impact to agronomic traits, lack of nitrogen had the greatest impact. The grain production was in order of N2P2K2〉N2P0K2〉N2P2K0〉N0P2K2〉 N0P0K0. Nitrogen use efficiency was the highest, phosphate use efficiency was the lowest. The soil nutrient contents had marked changed after experiment, organic matter and available nitrogen are obvious increased, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus and readily available potassium were significantly decreased.