应用物理干预方法预防老年卧床患者下肢静脉血栓的护理效果观察及对患者睡眠的改善

Nursing Effect of Physical Intervention in the Prevention of Venous Thrombosis of Lower Extremity in Elderly Patients with Bed Rest and the Improvement of Sleep in Patients

目的:对老年卧床患者实施物理护理干预预防下肢深静脉血栓(Deep Vein Thrombosis,DVT)的效果进行探析。方法:以2017年2月至2018年2月在厦门大学附属第一医院住院治疗的104例卧床老年患者作为观察对象,通过数字表法随机分成观察组和对照组,各52例;对照组实施常规预防护理干预,观察组同时应用物理护理干预,比较2组患者DVT发生情况,并测定护理前后患者大、小腿间周径差。结果:观察组DVT发生率为5.4%,对照组为13.9%,差异有统计意义(P<0.05);护理前,2组患者的大、小腿周径差无统计学意义(P>0.05),护理后观察组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。与护理前比较,护理后2组患者睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率、日间功能、睡眠障碍评分显著降低(P<0.05),且观察者各项PSQI评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:对卧床老年患者进行物理护理干预,能有效预防和减少DVT发生,改善患者睡眠质量,保障患者治疗安全。

Objective： To explore the effect of physical nursing intervention on the prevention of deep vein thromboembolism（DVT）of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis（DVT）in elderly patients with bed rest. Methods： From February 2017 to February 2018,104 bedridden elderly patients who were hospitalized in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 52 cases each,the control group was treated with routine preventive nursing intervention.Physical nursing intervention was used in the observation group at the same time.The incidence of DVT was compared between the two groups,and the difference of the circumference between the big and the lower legs was measured before and after nursing. Results： The incidence of DVT in the observation group was 5.4%,the control group was 13.9%,and the difference was statistically significant（ P 〈0.05）.Before nursing,there was no significant difference between the large and lower leg circumference of the two groups（ P 〉0.05）,and the observation group after nursing was better than the control group（ P 〈0.05）.Compared with before nursing,the scores of sleep quality,sleep time,sleep time,sleep efficiency,daytime function and sleep disturbance in the two groups were significantly lower after nursing（ P 〈0.05）,and the PSQI scores of the observation group were all lower than those of the control group（ P 〈0.05）. Conclusion： physical nursing intervention can effectively prevent and reduce the occurrence of DVT and improve the quality of sleep in patients,ensure the safety of treatment.