文明冲突与碰撞:1905—1917年俄罗斯黑龙江沿岸移民政策研究

Conflict and Collision of Civilization: A Study of Immigration Policies along the Heilongjiang River in Russia from 1905 to 1917

日俄战争后,俄罗斯为加强对远东地区的控制,同时限制中国和朝鲜劳动工人在黑龙江沿岸的无序增长,尝试采取制定法律文件方式作为主要调控手段。在其进行法制化管理尝试进程中,黑龙江沿岸农业文明与工业文明碰撞不可避免,为此,文明碰撞中外来文明与文化特点直接影响俄罗斯从欧洲向远东的移民计划。俄罗斯限制境外农业文明的涌入及其调控政策,体现出俄罗斯既需要中国和朝鲜的劳动工人,但又排斥中国和朝鲜劳动工人在该地区的存在之间的矛盾性。俄罗斯黑龙江沿岸经济的发展离不开中国和朝鲜劳动工人,劳动工作也促进了生活在黑龙江沿岸各民族相互交往与交流。

After the Russo-Japanese War, Russia strengthens the control over the Far East, and adopts the main regulating means of enacting legal documents to restrict the disorderly growth of Chinese and North Korean laborers along the Heilongjiang River. In its attempting process of making legalization management, the inevitable collision occurs between agricultural civilization and industrial civilization along the Heilongjiang River. In this case, the foreign civilization and culture characteristics in the civilization collision have directly affected Russia’s immigration plan from Europe to the Far East. The regulating policies of restricting the infux of overseas agricultural civilization demonstrate the contradictory nature in Russia’s need for Chinese and North Korean laborers while excluding their existence. The economic development along the Heilongjiang River in Russia is inseparable from the labor workers from China and North Korea, and their labor has promoted the interaction and exchanges between the various ethnic groups living along the Heilongjiang River.