农村失独老人养老状况的调查研究——基于黑龙江省一个贫困县

The Investigation on the Pension Status of the Only-Child-Losing Elderly in Rural Areas—— Taking a Poverty-Striken Country in Heilongjiang Province as an Example

依据平均收入水平实施分层抽样,采用调查与深度访谈的形式,对黑龙江农村失独老人养老方式、医保、患病、卫生服务、生活状况及经济供给等方面进行了调查研究。结果表明,农村失独老人多以居家养老为主,农村合作医疗为主要险种,存在患病医治压力大,卫生服务水平低下,经济供给明显不足,心理救治严重缺失等问题。通过完善养老方式、改善医保报销途径、鼓励社会资助、提升医疗服务水平、提高政府供给能力等方面进行改善。

This paper, taking the research method of survey and in-depth interview by implementing stratifed sampling based on the average income level, makes an investigation on the provision manner for the aged, health care, disease, health services, living conditions and economic supply for the aged who have lost their only child in rural areas of Heilongjiang province. The result shows that the aged mainly adopt home-based care with rural cooperative medical care system as the main types of insurance, and that there exist some problems like the stressful medical treatment, low health service level, obviously insuffcient economic supply, severely defcient mental treatment and so on. It is suggested that we should enhance the way of old-age care, should improve the way of medical insurance reimbursement, should encourage social support, should improve the level of medical services, and should improve supply capacity of the government.