中西部社区老年人老年综合征发生情况及相关因素分析

Analysis on the incidence and related factors of geriatric syndromes in the elderly in central and western communities

目的了解我国中西部社区老年人老年综合征发生情况及相关因素,为社区照护及卫生管理提供依据。方法调查中西部地区7个城市16个社区的1 076名老年人的老年综合征发生情况。结果 1 076名老年人中老年综合征发生率高达66.54%,视力下降(36.34%)、听力下降(31.60%)、睡眠障碍(31.32%)占前3位。单因素分析提示不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、收入情况、疾病种类、健康自我评价、家庭功能评分的老年人发生老年综合征情况不同(P<0.01或P<0.05),多因素分析显示高龄、无配偶、疾病种类多、健康自我评价差是老年综合征发生的影响因素,良好的家庭功能是社区老年人老年综合征发生的保护因素。结论中西部社区老年人老年综合征发生率高,社区照护中需要加强健康监测、建立老年综合征评估档案,对高龄、无配偶、疾病种类多、健康自我评价差、家庭功能不良的老年人应加强管理,从而提高老年人的生活质量。

Objective To understand the incidence of geriatric syndromes and related factors in the elderly in the central and westerncommunities of China, in order to provide a basis for community care and health management.Methods The incidence of geriatria syndromein 1 076 elderly people from 16 communities in 7 cities in the central and western regions were investigated.Results Totally,1 076 cases ofelderly patients with a high incidence of 66.54%,visual acuity （36.34%）,hearing loss （31.60%）,sleep disorders （31.32%） accounted forthe top three.Univariate analysis showed that different age,marital status,education level,disease status,health self-evaluation and familyfunction were different in older people with geriatric syndromes （P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that elderly,no spouse,multiple disease types and poor health self-evaluation were the influencing factors of geriatric syndrome.Good family function was the protection factor for the incidence of geriatric syndrome in communities.Conclusion The high incidence of geriatric syndrome in the elderly in thecentral and western communities is high.In community care,it is necessary to strengthen health monitoring and establish a geriatric syndromesassessment file.For senior citizens,no spouses,many types of diseases,poor self-evaluation,older people with poor family function shouldstrengthen management to improve the quality of life of the elderly.