建筑物碳排放量和成本的优化设计研究

Optimization Design on Carbon Emissions and Cost of Buildings

建筑行业的碳排放量是全球碳排放量的第二大主体.由于建筑物的碳排放量和成本有着密切的关系,因此设计优化时需同时考虑碳排放量和成本两个变量以寻求降低碳排放量和成本的最佳方案.本研究提出基于建筑信息模型(BIM)技术模拟建筑物的能耗和碳排放量,以及通过统计建筑物工程量进而快速准确地计算出全寿命周期碳排放量和成本的数值,然后基于粒子群算法(PSO)对全寿命周期碳排放量和成本同时进行多目标优化,最后选择最优的设计方案,以促进建筑业的可持续发展.

The construction industry has become the second contributor of greenhouse gas emissions to the environment. Because the carbon emissions of a building have a close relationship with its cost, both carbon emissions and cost should be considered in order to find the optimal plan to reduce both carbon emissions and cost in the design phase. In this paper, the building information modeling（BIM） is used as the basis for the simulation of the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of a building, and also for the rapid and accurate calculation of the number carbon dioxide emissions（LCCE） and eosts（LCC） in a life cycle. In addition, LCCE and LCC are optimized with multi-objectives step by step based on particle swarm optimiza-tion（PSO）. Finally, the optimal design plan is chosen in order to promote the sustainable development of the construction industry.