2016年全球火山活动综述

The summary of 2016 global volcanic activity

通过对2016年全球活动火山监测信息的统计,2016年共有96座火山记录到喷发活动,主要分布在环太平洋俯冲带及印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞边界上。火山预警等级共有4个,可以标识火山的危险程度,本文根据火山每个预警等级在全年52次监测信息报道中的出现次数,将96座活动火山按危险程度划为4类,并对每类的火山活动作出了详细描述。2016年的火山喷发也造成了人员伤亡和财产损失,印度尼西亚是受火山灾害影响最严重的国家。此外,根据火山灰柱海拔高度的整理及近年活动火山数量的调查,推测2016年的火山活动仅会使火山附近区域的天气受到影响,应不会引起全球性的气候异常。

The data of this paper originate from the volcanic website（http：//volcano.si.edu/reports_weekly.cfm）founded by the Smithsonian Institution＇s Global Volcanism Program whose mission isto document,understand,and disseminate information about global volcanic activity. After sorting of theoriginal weekly reports from 30 December 2015 to 27 December 2016 on the website,there are 96 activevolcanoes in 2016 which mainly distribute on the Circum-Pacific subduction zone and the collisionboundary between the India and Eurasia plate. Active volcanoes are dangerous. The Volcanic AlertLevels（cited from USGS）can be used to inform people about a volcano＇s status. According to the numberof times that every Volcanic Alert Level of an active volcano appears on the weekly reports,the volcano＇sstatus showing in the whole year can be roughly described by one Volcanic Alert Level. So the 96 activevolcanoes are divided into four levels and the volcanic activities on each levels has been described withliving examples. Unfortunately,volcanic activities have caused deaths and economic loss in 2016.Especially in Indonesia,there are still thousands of people living in shelter because of the eruption of Sinabung volcano. In addition,the statistics of ash plumes altitude in 2016 and numbers of activevolcanoes in recent years indicate that the volcanic activity in 2016 will only affect the weather in thevicinity of the volcano and may not cause global climate anomaly.