河北省致人死亡的气象灾害时空分布与致灾因子研究

Temporal and Spatial Distributions and Disaster-inducing Factors Analysis of Lethal Meteorological Disasters in Hebei Province

为在河北省防灾减灾救灾工作中有效避免人员伤亡,给气象灾害风险管理提供科学依据和决策支持,通过对1983—2014年气象灾害数据统计分析发现:河北省致人死亡的气象灾害种类有暴雨、雷电、气象地质灾害、冰雹、大风、大雾、龙卷、雪灾、风暴潮、高温热浪等10类,其中暴雨和雷电灾害最多;致人死亡气象灾害主要集中发生在夏季6、7、8三个月;山区发生致人死亡气象灾害事件的概率明显大于平原地区;全年都有高危险气象灾害发生。研究表明河北省致人死亡的气象灾害的致灾因子主要是暴雨和强对流天气。因而做好汛期的暴雨和强对流灾害性天气防范和应对非常重要,尤其是要做好太行山和燕山等山区等重点地区的气象灾害防御工作。

In order to effectively avoid casualties and provide scientific basis and decision support for meteorologicaldisaster risk management in Hebei Province, we analyzed the data of lethal meteorological disasters in Hebei Provincefrom 1983 to 2014. The results indicate that there are 10 kinds of lethal meteorological disasters in Hebei Province,including rainstorm, lightning, meteorological geological disaster, hail, gale, heavy fog, tornado, snowstorm, stormsurge and heatwave. Among them, rainstorms and lightning occurs the most frequently. The occurrence times of thelethal meteorological disasters are concentrated in June, July and August in summer, the probability of disasters inmountains is higher than that in plains, and the high risk lethal meteorological disasters occur in the whole year. Themain disaster-inducing factors in Hebei Province are rainstorm and severe convection weather. Therefore, it is veryimportant to prevent and deal with these two disasters in flood season, especially the meteorological disasterprevention in key areas such as Taihang Mountain and Yanshan Mountain.