中国农产品价格形成机制的当前实践与法治完善——以农业供给侧结构性改革为导向

Current Practice and Legal System Improvement of China's Price Formation Mechanism of Agricultural Products——Guided by Agricultural Supply-Side Structural Reform

当前,我国农业矛盾发生了深刻变化,已经跨越传统的总量不足问题,集中表现为"供给侧"的结构性、体制性矛盾,且尚未形成一套完善的法治化调控机制。这在一定程度上制约了农业生产和农产品贸易,也使我国在世界贸易体系中面临合规性风险。当前,国家提出的"农业供给侧结构性改革"战略为农产品价格形成机制的改革创造了重要条件,科学化、法治化的农产品价格形成机制的形成是农业供给侧结构性改革的重要目标。我国未来应在充分借鉴美国、欧盟、日本等发达经济体的先进立法经验基础上,结合我国当前农业发展和农产品供应机制的实际,积极推进以农业基本法为牵引、部门法相配套、政府灵活性价格调控政策相辅助的法治化农产品价格形成机制。

At present, profound changes have taken place in China＇s agricultural contradictions, which have already crossed the traditional problem of insufficient aggregates, and have been concentrated on the structural and institutional ＂supply-side＂ contradictions. Simultaneously, a complete set of rule-based regulatory mechanism has not yet been formed, which has, to a certain extent, constrained agricultural production and trade of agricultural products and has also caused China to face compliance risks in the WTO. Now the strategy of ＂agricultural supply-side structural reform＂ put forward by the state has created important conditions for the reform of agricultural product price formation mechanism, and the formation of scientific and legal agricultural product price formation mechanism is an important goal of agricultural supply-side structural reform. In the future, China should make full use of the advanced legislative experience of the United States, the European Union, Japan and other developed economies, combined with the actual situation of China＇s current agricultural development and agricultural products supply mechanism, and actively promote the agricultural basic law, supporting sectoral laws, government flexible price control policy assisted by the rule of law of agricultural products price formation mechanism.