角膜塑形镜对青少年儿童近视的矫正效果及对角膜形态和屈光度的影响

Effect of orthokeratology lenses on teenagers' and children's myopia and its effect on corneal morphology and diopter

目的:探讨角膜塑形镜对近视患者的矫正效果和对患者角膜形态以及屈光度的影响。方法:选取2016-01/2017-01在我院收治的青少年儿童近视患者150例282眼,根据患者及其家属意愿分为角膜塑形镜组和框架镜组。框架镜组进行常规配镜治疗,角膜塑形镜组患者给予角膜塑形镜进行矫正,在治疗前和治疗1a后对所有患者的视力情况进行检测统计,记录矫正前后两组患者的角膜曲率、角膜中央厚度和屈光度并进行比较,同时统计两组患者治疗期间并发症的发生率。结果:角膜塑形镜组患者治疗后的裸眼视力显著优于框架镜组患者治疗后的裸眼视力,差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。治疗后的角膜曲率角膜塑形镜组显著低于框架镜组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。两组患者治疗前、治疗后角膜中央厚度比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0. 05)。两组患者治疗前屈光度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);治疗后的屈光度角膜塑形镜组明显低于框架镜组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。角膜塑形镜组患者的并发症发生率为14.3%,显著高于框架镜组的4. 9%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论:角膜塑形镜治疗近视患者效果显著,但患者并发症发生情况较多,临床应用过程中应针对可能会引发并发症的因素进行针对性地防范,使治疗过程更加安全。

AIM： To study the effect of orthokeratology lens onmyopia patients and their corneal morphology anddiopter. METHODS： Totally 150 cases of myopia childrenadmitted to our hospital from January 2016 to January2017 were selected and divided into the orthokeratologylens group and the spectacles group according to thewishes of the patients and their families. Visual acuity ofall patients was examined before and 1a after treatment.corneal curvature, corneal thickness and diopter wererecorded and the complications during treatment wasobserved as well. RESULTS： The uncorrected visual acuity oforthokeratology lens group was significantly better thanthat of spectacles group （P〈0. 05）. The corneal curvatureof orthokeratology lens group was significantly lower thanthat of spectacles group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was nosignificant difference in central corneal thickness of thetwo groups before and after treatment （ P〉 0. 05）. Therewas no significant difference in diopter between the twogroups before treatment （ P 〉 0 05 ）; the diopter oforthokeratology lens group was significantly lower thanthat of spectacles group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The incidence ofcomplications in orthokeratology lens group was 14. 3%,which was significantly higher than that in spectaclesgroup 4. 9% （P〈0. 05）.CONCLUSION： The treatment of myopia withorthokeratology lens has a significant effect, but there aremany complications in the patients. Therefore, in theclinical application process, specific precautions should betaken against the factors that may cause complications,so as to make the treatment process safer.