陕北地区农村留守老人与非留守老人的焦虑状况分析

Current situations analysis on anxiety about the left-behind elderly and non-left-behind people in rural areas in northern Shaanxi province

目的了解陕北地区农村留守老人的焦虑状况。方法采取多阶段分层抽样,分别抽取延安地区和榆林地区共11个县,每个县随机抽取3个乡的60岁以上老年人,共739人,采用焦虑自评量表进行心理焦虑评估。结果陕北地区农村留守老人的得分(48. 34±11. 31)和非留守老人的焦虑得分(48. 76±11. 42)没有差异(t=-0. 404,P﹥0. 05),留守老人焦虑阳性检出率为44. 69%与非留守老人的检出率46. 48%无显著性(χ~2=0. 213,均为P﹥0. 05);延安地区和榆林地区留守老人的得分与检出率均有差异(χ~2=15. 489,P﹤0. 05);女性留守老人焦虑检出率额53. 85%,高于男性的37. 29%(χ~2=8. 116,P﹤0. 05)。结论陕北地区农村老人心理焦虑问题比较严重,应该予以高度重视。

Objective To study on anxiety status of the left-behind elderly in rural areas in northern Shaanxi province. Methods Multi-stage stratified sampling was adopted. A total of 11 counties in Yan＇an and Yulin districts were randomly selected from 739 persons in senior citizens over 60 years of age in 3 townships. Anxiety self-assessment scales were used to assess psychological anxiety. Results The anxious scores of left-behind elderly in rural areas of northern Shaanxi （48.34±11.31） and those of non-left-behind elderly （48.76±11.42） were not different （t=-0.404, P〉0.05）. The rate of positive anxiety for left-behind elderly was 44.69%, and there was no significant difference with the rate of 46.48% for non-left-behind elderly （χ2=0.213, both P〉0.05）. The scores and detection rates of left-behind elderly in Yan＇an and Yulin areas were all different （χ2=15.489, P〈0.05）. The rate of anxiety for female left-behind elderly was 53.85% higher than that of male 37.29% （χ2=8.116, P〈0.05）. Conclusion The problem of psychological anxiety among rural seniors in northern Shaanxi is serious and should be given high priority.