“十二五”期间海宁市地表水环境监测及其评价

Monitoring and Evaluation of the Surface Water Quality in Haining during the Period of the“Twelfth Five-year”

本研究旨在通过对海宁地表水质量状况进行监测与评价,为海宁市"十三五"水环境质量改善提供数据支持和理论参考.在海宁市地表水中设置10个监测断面,且对其水质进行监测,并采用单因子评价法和内梅罗污染指数评价法对地表水环境进行综合评价.结果表明,"十二五"期间氨氮、总磷和生化需氧量是严重污染指标,其中氨氮成为最主要污染因子.各断面均受到不同程度的污染,其中上塘河污染最为严重,综合污染指数PIP值为2.49.2011年各断面PIP值在1.22~3.24间,为中度污染,至2015年袁硖港、洛塘河、市河和崇长港由中度污染转为轻度污染,即PIP值低于1.总体来看,"十二五"期间各河流断面水质虽均未达标,但污染呈下降趋势,水质明显改善.

After the monitoring and evaluation, the study provided the data support and academic reference for the improvement of the water quality in Haining during the period of the “thirteenth five-year”. Ten monitoring sections were set in the surface water for the purpose of monitoring the water quality which was comprehensively analyzed by using signal factor assessment and Nemerow pollution index assessment. As a result, ammonia-nitrogen卜 total phosphorous and biochemical oxygen demand were the severe pollution indexes, of which ammonia-nitrogen was the main pollution factor. All sections were polluted in varying degrees, and the Shangtang River had the worst water quality with the Pip 2. 49. Every section was in medium pollution with the Pip ranged from 1. 22 to 3. 24 in 201 1. Until 2015, the Yuanxia port, Luotang River, Shi River and Chongchang port turned to slight pollution with the PIP under 1. On the whole, although the water quality of all sections failed to meet the national surface water standard of China at present, the pollution was on decline and the water quality improved distinctly during the period of the “twelfth five-year”.