孤独症谱系障碍儿童共同注意训练有效策略

Intervention strategies of joint attention for children with autism spectrum disorder

共同注意是孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)儿童的核心缺陷,其导致ASD儿童出现沟通、互动等障碍。整理总结了以观察、倾听的方式跟随孩子,以解说、模仿、介入参与ASD儿童的活动,在日常例行性活动中通过等待、有趣障碍物等方法提供大量互动的机会,调整体位、充满活力地与孩子互动以及大量示范并及时回应幼儿非口语的沟通方式等有效介入策略,提升ASD儿童共同注意力。

Joint attention is the core deficit of autism spectrum disorder （ASD） children, which leads to the disorders of social communication and interaction ability. This article summarizes the way to follow the children by observing and listening, to explain, imitate, and intervene in the activities of ASD children, to provide a large number of interactive opportunities in routine activities through waiting, interesting obstacles and other methods, to adjust the position, to interact with the children energetically, and to demonstrate and respond to children in a timely manner. Effective intervention strategies such as non-verbal communication can enhance the joint attention of ASD children.