运动方式对原发性高血压降压效果影响的研究

To Study the Antihypertensive Efficacy of Exercise Mode on Essential Hypertension

目的研究不同运动方式对原发性高血压的降压效果的影响,为高血压防治提供可运用的运动康复措施。方法依据我国2011年高血压诊断指南的诊断标准,选取年龄在38~60岁,初诊为高血压且还未采用药物治疗的患者120例,其中每30人分为1组,共4组,分别进行20周太极拳、健身操、瑜伽和健步走运动干预试验,对实验前后4组患者的血压及心率、肺活量、体重身体机能指标进行检测。分别观察各指标的变化。结果经过20周的运动干预后,4个实验组的血压、心率、肺活量及体重指标均有不同程度的变化。其中,太极拳组心率和体重指标与实验前相比有明显降低(P<0.05),其差异具有统计学意义,收缩压、舒张压及肺活量指标虽有下降,但与试验前比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),无统计学意义;瑜伽组心率和肺活量指标与实验前相比明显降低(P<0.05),其差异具有统计学意义;而收缩压、舒张压及体重指标虽有下降,但与试验前比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),无统计学意义;健身操组收缩压、舒张压及体重指标与实验前相比差异显著(P<0.05),具有统计学意义,而心率、肺活量与实验前测试指标相比差异较为显著(P<0.01),具有统计学意义;健步走组收缩压、舒张压、心率、肺活量及体重指标与实验前相比差异非常显著(P<0.01),具有统计学意义。结论:运动有助于人体机能水平的提高,心肺功能的提高对原发性高血压降压效果有积极作用,中高强度健身操对降低原发性高血压患者的血压水平有一定作用,而中低强度的健步走运动能更有效改善原发性高血压患者的血压水平,值得在原发性高血压防治中推广。

objective To study the effect of exercise mode on primary hypertension, and to provide practical exercise rehabilitation measures for prevention and treatment of hypertension. [Methods] According to the diagnostic criteria of China＇s 2011 hypertension diagnostic guide, the age between 38 and 60 is selected, and 120 patients who were initially diagnosed with hypertension and had not been treated with drugs, among 30 of them were divided into one group, a total of four groups, respectively for 20 weeks of Taiji, Yoga ,Fast walking exercise and Aerobics exercise intervention trial, blood pressure, heart rate, body mass and lung capacity indexes of four groups of patients were tested before and after the experiment. [Results] After 20 weeks of exercise intervention, the blood pressure, heart rate, lung capacity and body mass index of the four test groups changed in different degrees. Among them, the heart rate and body mass index of Taiji group were significantly lower than before the test （P〈0.05） and the difference was statistically significant, the indexes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and lung capacity of Taiji group were no nonstatistical significance between before and after the test （P〉0.05） . The heart rate and lung capacity index of Yoga group were significantly lower than before the test （P〈0.05）and the difference was statistically significant, the indexes of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and body mass of Yoga group were no nonstatistical significance between before and after the test （P〉0.05） . The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index of Aerobics exercise group were significantly lower than before the test （P〈0.05） and the difference was statistically significant, the heart rate, lung capacity index of Aerobics exercise group were highly significant than before the test （P〈0.01） and the difference was statistically significant. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass, heart rate, lung capacity index of Fast walking exercise group were highly significant than before the test （P〈0.01） and the difference was statistically significant. [Conclusion]Exercise contributes to the improvement of human function, the improvement of cardiopulmonary function has positive effect on the essential hypertension. Moderate and high intensity exercise has certain effect on reducing the blood pressure of patients with essential hypertension, moderate and low intensity fast walking exercise can improve the blood pressure of patients with essential hypertension more effectively, It is worthy to be popularized in the prevention and treatment of essential hypertension.