社会经济地位对农民工身心健康的影响及其代际差异——基于CGSS 2015数据的实证分析

The influence of socioeconomic status on the physical and mental health of migrant workers and their intergenerational differences——Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey in 2015

基于2015年"中国综合社会调查"数据,应用二元Logistic模型,探讨社会经济地位对农民工身心健康的影响及其代际差异。研究发现:社会经济地位对农民工身心健康具有显著影响。其中,受教育程度对农民工身心健康有显著的促进作用;家庭年收入对农民工身体健康的改善幅度更大,但对其心理健康的改善幅度逐渐减小;农民工在工作中所承担的职业角色不同,对其身心健康的影响也不同。同时,社会经济地位对新老两代农民工身心健康影响的代际差异显著。据此,提出促进农民工参加学习教育以提高农民工认知、获取和运用健康知识的能力,提高农民工的家庭年收入以增强农民工的健康投入能力,加强对农民工的人文关怀以增强农民工对职业角色的适应性等对策,以进一步提高农民工的身心健康水平。

Based on the data of Chinese General Social Survey in 2015, this paper applies the binary Logistic model to explore the influence of socioeconomic status on the physical and mental health of migrant workers and their intergenerational differences. The study found that socioeconomic status has a significant impact on the physical and mental health of migrant workers. Among them, the level of education has a significant effect on the physical and mental health of migrant workers; the annual income of the family has greater improvement on the physical health of migrant workers, but the improvement range of their mental health has gradually decreased; migrant workers take on different occupational roles in their work, the effects on their physical and mental health are also different. In addition, the socioeconomic status has significant intergenerational differences in the influence of the old and new generations of migrant workers on physical and mental health. On the basis of this, it is proposed to promote migrant workers to participate in study and education in order to improve their cognition, acquire and apply health knowledge, raise the annual household income of migrant workers in order to enhance the ability of migrant workers to invest in health, strengthen their humanistic care to enhance the adaptability of migrant workers to their professional roles to further improve the physical and mental health of migrant workers.