下乡资本与流转农地的“非离散性”衔接:乡村振兴的路径选择

The “Non-Discrete” Connection Between the Rural Capital from the Industrial and Commercial Enterprises and the Transfer of Agricultural Land:The Path Choice of Rural Revitalization

改革开放以来,我国城市工商业积累了庞大的人、财、物及科技等重要资源,如何引导庞大的城市资源反哺农业已成为解决"三农"问题的关键。然而,下乡资本在与流转农地结合过程中却面临诸多难题,如下乡资本对农地"非农化"改变、下乡资本盈利空间有限等。这些困难不仅与下乡资本、农民双方对土地流转的条件、认识等密切相关,也与相关配套政策不完善有关,而且与商业环境不成熟如缺乏农业社会化服务组织等相关。因此,在未来乡村振兴过程中,下乡资本应主动创新"资""农"结合的发展理念,积极打造具有营利空间的产业项目;农民群体应按照新时代职业农民的要求,不断提升综合素质并合理调整土地收益预期;国家应加强供给侧结构改革,不断完善农地流转相关配套政策,建立政策性的金融机构服务于农地流转,构建新型的农业社会化服务体系以促进农业农村现代化实现。

Since the reform and opening-up, china＇s urban industry and commerce has accumulated a large number of important resources such as people, finance, materials and science and technology.How to guide large-scale urban resources to feed back agriculture has increasingly become the key to solving the problems of ＂ agriculture, rural areas and farmers＂ However, in the process of the combination of capital in the countryside and the transfer of agricultural land faces many problems, such as the countryside ＂non-agricultural＂ change, the countryside land capital profit space is limited, etc, these difficulties are not only related to the conditions and understanding of the transfer of land to the countryside and the farmers, but also related to the imperfections of related supporting policies, and related to the immature business environment, such as the lack of agricultural social service organizations. In the process of rural revitalization in the future, therefore, the capital for the rural areas should actively innovate the development concept of a combination of ＂capital＂ and ＂agriculture＂ and actively create an industrial project with a profit-making space. The peasant groups should continuously improve the overall quality in accordance with the requirements of the professional farmers in the new era, reasonably adjust the expectation of land revenue. At the same time, the state should strengthen the reform of supply-side structure, continuously improve the relevant supporting policies for agricultural land transfer, establish policy-oriented financial institutions to serve the transfer of agricultural land, and build a new type of agricultural socialized service system to promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.