全运会改革的历史必然与变革潜力探索——以天津全运会为例

Historical Inevitability and Reform Potential of National Games Reform——Taking Tianjin National Games as an Example

全运会在我国已经有五十多年历史,研究全运会的变革历程、改革的历史必然性将对全运会的未来发展提供推动作用。研究认为,全运会的赛事经济效益低;全运会历届发生的负面新闻影响全运会的赛事公信力;传统的奖牌榜与"计分制"不再适应中国竞技体育环境;政府指导文件的硬性要求促成全运会改革;群众日益高涨的体育热情与日益衰弱的专业体育人才选拔机制的综合博弈是现阶段引导全运会改革的重要力量。研究根据第十三届天津全运会的发展改革趋势,进一步提出了挖掘全运会潜力的发展方向:通过进一步透明化全运会运作结构,全运会的赛事公正性体系化,对计分制进一步深入改革,淡化全运会赛果的政治影响;兼容并包的多元化赛事改革,选取中国本土特色的体育项目发展,将群众参与与高专业、高水平的竞技体育赛事紧密融合;基于现有全运会结构,持续优化全运会的赛事文化,基于体育文化传播和一带一路机遇,树立中国竞技体育赛事品牌典型;持续重视青少年组的赛事构建,加大基础类项目的比重,构建长效激励机制,使民间自发涌现高素质竞技体育后备人才。

The National Games has a history of more than 50 years in China. Researching the history of the reform of the National Games and the historical inevitability of the reform will provide impetus to the future development of the National Games. The study concluded that the eeononfie benefits of the National Games are low ; the negative news of the National Games has affected the credibility of the National Games; the traditional medal list and the ＂score＂ system no longer adapt to the Chinese competitive sports environment; government guidance documents The rigid demands for the reform of the National Games, and the increasing competition between the growing sports enthusiasm of the masses and the declining professional sports talent selection mechanism are important forces guiding the reform of the National Games at this stage. Based on the development and reform trend of the 13th National Games of Tianjin, the study further proposed the development direction of exploring the potential of the National Games. Through further transparent operation structure of the National Games, the fair of the National Games will be systematized. The system further intensified the reform, played down the political impact of the results of the National Games; it was compatible with diversified sporting reforms, selected the development of local sports with Chinese characteristics, and closely integrated the mass participation with high - professional, high - level competitive sporting events ;The structure of the National Games will continue to optimize the event culture of the National Games. Based on the sports culture dissemination and the One Belt One Road Opportunity, we will establish the brand model of China＇s competitive sports events; continue to attach importance to the construction of the youth group＇s events, increase the proportion of basic projects, and build a long - term effect. Incentive mechanism, so that spontaneous emergence of high - quality competitive sports talent.