“十七年”散文批评史述论

On the History of the“Seventeen Years”Prose Criticism

创造社会主义新散文是"十七年"散文批评界的核心诉求。但由于当时的社会政治形势,建国初期散文的形态呈现出严重的特写化倾向,五四新文学所建立的"美文"传统及其美学精神受到压抑。承继五四新文学道统的老一辈散文名家及批评家们在时代的夹缝中审慎探索,在1956年和1962年短暂的文艺调整中策略性地掀起复兴"美文"传统的潮流,在书写范围、书写方式、文体意识、作家个性方面都做出了重要的理论探求。令人遗憾的是这些探求并没有被确认、巩固下来,而是在随即而来的激进时势及其文化逻辑中被视为不合时宜的理论批评主张。

Creating new socialist prose is the core appeal of the ＂SeventeenYears＂ prose criticism community. However, in the socialand political situation at that time, the form of prose in the early days of the founding of the country showed a serious close-up tenden-cy. The ＂Belles-lettres＂ tradition and its aesthetic spirit established by the May Fourth New Literature were suppressed. The older gen-eration of prose and critics who inherited the new literary ethics of the May Fourth Movement carefully explored the gap between thetimes and strategically initiated the revival of the ＂Belles-lettres＂ tradition in the short-term literary adjustments of 1956 and 1962.Important methods have been explored in terms of writing style, stylistic awareness, and writer personality. Regrettably, these searcheshave not been confirmed and consolidated, but are regarded as anachronistic theoretical criticisms in the radical radicals and their cul-tural logic.