流向变换催化氧化技术的研究与工业应用

Application of catalytic oxidation technology adopting the reverse flow reactor

低浓度反应物催化氧化反应技术是流程工业、资源与环境工程中一个经常遇到的、重要的共性技术。多年来,北京化工大学工业催化与反应工程研究室对这一领域中一种先进的过程强化技术——流向变换催化氧化技术进行了系统的应用基础、技术开发与工程放大研究。相应地,在结构化催化剂制备、流向变换催化氧化反应器的操作特性、反应/换热系统的过程模型化、模型微分方程组的数值解法与控制技术等方面都做了一系列工作。在此基础上,与协作单位合作,对煤矿乏风(VAM)制热并脱除大量低浓度甲烷、煤制油流程中脱碳塔尾气脱除挥发性有机物(VOCs)等相关技术进行了工程化开发,最终集成为流向变换催化氧化成套技术并实现了工业化和工业装置的长周期、稳定、达标运行。

The efficient utilization of the reaction heat in a catalytic oxidation system with lean reactants is an important aim in the processing industry and environmental engineering. In recent years,the adoption of reverse flow reactor（ RFR） technology—which is known as an advanced process-enhancement method—in catalytic oxidation reactions has systematically been studied in the Research Institute of Industrial Catalysis and Reaction Engineering in Beijing University of Chemical Technology（ BUCT）. These studies have covered the theoretical basis,laboratory and pilot investigations,and scale-up to industrial plants. Detailed studies of the preparation of structured catalysts,the experimental operating performance of reverse flow catalytic oxidation reactors,process modeling of the reaction/heat transfer system,numerical solution methods for the differential equations concerned with the unsteady state operation reactor model,and control techniques have been carried out. On the basis of these studies,in cooperation with various partners,the relevant techniques have been integrated into a complete technology package with independent intellectual property rights. Several large-scale plants have been constructed for the destruction of low concentration methane from coal mine ventilation,and for devolatilization of the effluent from the decarbonizing towers of coal-to-oil plants. This technology has been shown to offer long-term and stable operation of industrial plants.