2009—2016年新疆流感网络实验室检测数据分析

Analysis of detection results of influenza network laboratories in Xinjiang, 2009—2016

目的了解新疆流感病毒检出的时间分布,初步分析2009—2016年季H3亚型流感病毒HA基因的演变过程,为科学防控流感提供依据。方法分析流感监测系统中2009—2016年全疆流感网络实验室的流感病毒核酸检测结果;对新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心分离的每个流行年度2株季H3亚型毒株的HA基因进行测序,与每年的疫苗株一起绘制种系发生树。结果 2009—2016年全疆流感网络实验室检出样本甲型6 639份、乙型2 801份、甲乙混合型7份,1—3月、11月和12月检出阳性率较高,4—10月也有流感病毒检出;仅2009—2010年检出季H1亚型流感病毒,2009年起开始检出新甲H1亚型流感病毒;新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心分离的季H3亚型流感毒株的HA基因以2012年为界分为2个大的分支,2012年后分支又分为4个子分支。结论新疆流感检出以甲型为主,流感阳性标本检出集中在每年的冬春季,夏秋季也可检出;从2009年开始新甲H1亚型取代季H1亚型成为优势株,季H3亚型HA基因每年都有变异。

Objective To understand the time distribution of the detection for influenza virus in Xinjiang, preliminarily analyzed the evolution of HA gene of influenza subtype H3 from 2009 to 2016, and provide basis for scientific prevention and control of influenza. Methods The testing results of influenza nucleic acid from all influenza network laboratories in the influenza surveillance system during 2009—2016 were analyzed. HA gene of 2 strains of seasonal influenza virus subtype H3 isolated by The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region（Xinjiang CDC） each year was sequenced to draw phylogenetic tree with vaccine strains in each year. Results There were 6 639 specimens of influenza A, 2 801 specimens of influenza B and 7 specimens of influenza A and B detected by all influenza network laboratories in Xinjiang from 2009 to 2016. The positive rate was high from January to March, and in November and December. The influenza virus was also detected from April to October. The seasonal influenza virus subtype H1 was only detected during 2009—2010. Since 2009, influenza A virus of new subtype H1 was detected. The HA gene of influenza virus strains of seasonal subtype H3 isolated by Xinjiang CDC was divided into 2 large branches in 2012, and divided into 4 sub-branches after 2012.Conclusions The flu in Xinjiang mainly results from influenza A. The positive specimens are mainly detected in winter and spring each year, and also in summer and autumn. Since 2009, the influenza A of new subtype H1 has become the dominant strain instead of the seasonal subtype H1. The HA gene of seasonal subtype H3 has variation every year.