一起误食乌头引起的中毒事件调查

Investigation on a food poisoning caused by wild plants in a county

目的调查2016年新疆托里县一起食物中毒事件,明确中毒事件的波及范围、查明中毒原因,提出有针对性的预防措施。方法 2016年5月27─30日调查小组在托里县事发现场,通过现场流行病学调查、植物种类鉴定及小鼠毒性试验判定中毒事件结果。结果 2016年5月25日,9名外来务工人员组成的采摘团因误食野生植物导致中毒,其中4人发病、2人死亡,发病的4人临床表现为口唇或四肢麻痹和呼吸困难;经鉴定食用的野生植物为毛莨科乌头准噶尔乌头;小鼠毒性试验雌、雄性小鼠LD50分别为4.22 g/kg·BW(95%CI=2.00~8.88 g/kg·BW)和3.16 g/kg·BW(1.86~5.38 g/kg·BW),为中等毒性。结论本起事件因外来务工人员食用野生植物乌头中毒所致,建议在当地居民中普及乌头的相关知识、宣传食用的危害性;加强医务人员培训,提高处置野生植物中毒事件的能力、降低病死率。

Objective To investigate a food poisoning in Tuoli county of Xinjiang in 2016, define the reason and scope of the poisoning incident, and propose the targeted prevention measures. Methods The field epidemiology, plant species indentification and toxicity test in mice were conducted to define the poisoning incident by the investigation specialists on May27 to 30, 2016. Results There were 4 migrant workers were poisoned and 2 dead among 9 migrant workers due to aconitum intake by mistake on May 25, 2016. The symptoms of the 4 patients were lip paralysis, quadriplegia and dyspnea. The wild plant was identified as Ranunculaceae aconitum Jungar. The LD50 of the male and female mice in toxicity test was4.22 g/kg·BW（95% CI=2.00-8.88 g/kg·BW） and 3.16 g/kg·BW（1.86-5.38 g/kg·BW）, respectively, and the toxicity was medium. Conclusion The poisoning incident in migrant workers is caused by eating wild aconitum. It is suggested to spread knowledge and hazardness of aconitum in local residents, and train doctors for improvement of their ability and decrease of mortality.