1例Ⅳa型先天性胆总管囊肿的再次手术

Reoperation of a patient with type Ⅳa congenital choledochal cyst

目的探讨Ⅳa型先天性胆总管囊肿再次手术的治疗方案。方法患者系20岁女性,以"反复右上腹痛伴发热1^+年、加重1^+个月"就诊。15年前曾行胆管囊肿术。磁共振提示:左肝内巨大囊性占位,肝内胆管多发结石伴积液,胆肠吻合术后。考虑Ⅳa型先天性胆总管囊肿,初次已行肝外胆管囊肿切除及胆肠吻合术,肝内扩张胆管未做处理。结果再次手术中证实左肝内胆管囊性扩张,可见多发结石伴脓液形成,右肝形态色泽尚正常,行解剖性左半肝切除。原吻合口无狭窄,予以保留,在其上方游离出长约1.5 cm的肝外胆管,纵行剪开肝总管并以胆道镜探查,取出结石后安置T管引流。术后恢复良好,顺利出院。6周后胆管造影示胆管通畅、无残留结石等后予以拔除T管,后未出现黄疸、发热等。结论Ⅳa型先天性胆总管囊肿在完整切除胆总管囊肿的同时应积极治疗肝内病变。

Objective To explore surgery strategy of reoperation for type Ⅳa congenital choledochal cyst. Methods The patient was a 20-year-old female with repeated right upper abdominal pain and fever for more than 1 year and aggravation for more than 1 month, and the choledochal cyst excison was performed 15 years ago. The MRI revealed that a huge cyst located in the left lobe of liver, with multiple intrahepatic calculus. The patient was diagnosed with a type Ⅳa congenital choledochal cyst and choledochojejunostomy later and the intrahepatic dilated bile duct was untreated. Results The cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct was confirmed during the reoperation, and the multiple stones with pus formation were seen, the color of the right liver was normal and the anatomical left hemihepatectomy was performed. The original anastomosis had no stenosis then was preserved. An about 1.5 cm length of extrahepatic bile duct was dissociated from the upper of anastomosis, and the extrahepatic bile duct was cut open and explored with a choledochoscope. The T-tube drainage was performed following removing the stone. The patient recovered well and was discharged smoothly following the surgery. The cholangiography 6 weeks later revealed that the biliary tract was patency and there was no residual stone. There was no jaundice or fever afterwards. Conclusion Complete excision of choledochal cyst and hepaticoduodenostomy is widely accepted as a standard surgery for type Ⅳa congenital choledochal cyst.