重庆市老年人常见慢性病患病现况及影响因素调查

Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Common Chronic Diseases Among the Elderly in Chongqing

目的:了解重庆市老年人常见慢性病患病现况及其影响因素,为有效防治老年人慢性病提供科学依据。方法:采用分层多阶段抽样方法,对在重庆市涪陵区、沙坪坝区、开州区、潼南区、酉阳县、彭水县6个样本区县抽取的730名居住时间≥6个月、年龄≥60周岁的老年人进行问卷调查。结果:老年人常见慢性病患病率为71. 5%,其中患1、2、3和4种慢性病者分别占患慢性病者总数的43. 1%、37. 4%、15. 9%和3. 6%;患病率居于前3位的慢性病分别为消化系统慢性病(35. 8%)、高血压(28. 2%)、骨关节慢性病(26. 2%)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、健康自评、是否吸烟、喝酒、进行体育锻炼的慢性病患病率均不同,差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,不同年龄、自认为健康状况、是否经常锻炼、是否吸烟是重庆市老年人常见慢性病患病的危险因素。结论:重庆市老年人口消化系统慢性病、高血压、骨关节慢性病患病率较高,应针对老年人群开展慢性病相关教育宣传,增强防控投入力度,提高老年人的生命质量。

Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic diseases in the elderly in Chongqing, providing a scientific basis to chronic diseases ＇ effective prevention and treatment. Methods Using hierarchical multi - stage sampiing method, a total of 730 elderly people aged≥60 years with a residence time of ≥6 months were surveyed in the Fuling District of Chongqing, Shaplngba District, Kaizhou District, Tongnan District, Youyang County, Pengshui County six sample coun- ties. Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly was 71.5% , 43.1% , 37.4% , 15.9% and 3.6% of the total number of chronic diseases were having one, two, three and four chronic diseases, respectively; prevalence of the top three chronic diseases were digestive system chronic diseases （35.8%）, hypertension （28.2%）, bone and joint chronic diseases （26.2%） .Single factor analysis showed that for different age, health self - assessment, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, the preva- lence of chronic diseases are statistically significant different（ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; The results of multiple regression analysis showed that age, health self - assessment, smoking, exercise frequency were risk factors of suffering chronic diseases. Conclusion The diges- tive system chronic diseases, high blood pressure, bone and joint chronic disease prevalence of Chongqing elderly population is high, and we should strengthen the education and prevention of chronic diseases related knowledge publicity and the investment in prevention and control, increasing old life quality.