不同施肥方式对桃生长及土壤养分的影响

Effects of different fertilization methods on growth of peach and soil nutrients

以盛果期桃为试验材料,将控释肥、硝基复合肥、普通复合肥一次性施入土壤,对土壤、叶片、枝条和果实等相关指标进行测定。结果表明,控释肥提高了土壤中有机质含量、氮、磷、钾含量,降低了pH值;不同施肥方式均提高了土壤中钙、硫、铜、锌、硼含量,降低了镁、铁、锰含量;控释肥促进了叶片生长和枝条充实;不同施肥方式均提高了桃果实平均单果质量、可溶性固形物、维生素C含量,其中以控释肥处理最高,分别为199.17 g、12.5%、37.5 mg·kg^(-1)。由此可见,控释肥可以改良土壤结构,促进桃树生长发育和提高果实品质。

Full fruiting period peach as experimental material, controlled-release fertilizer, nitro-compound fertilizer and common compound fertilizer were applied to the soil at one time, and related indicators such as soil, leaf, branch and fruit were measured. The results showed that controlled-release fertilizer increased the content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil and reduced the pH value. The contents of Ca, S, Cu, Zn and B in soil were increased by different fertilization methods, and the contents of Mg, Fe and Mn were decreased. The controlled- release fertilizer promoted the growth of leaves and the enrichment of the branches. The average fruit weight, soluble solids and vitamin C content of peach fruit were improved by different fertilization methods, and the highest of controlled release fertilizer was 199.17 g, 12.5%, 37.5 mg·kg-1, respectively.Therefore, controlled-release fertilizers can improve soil structure, promote peach growth and improve fruit quality.