2006—2016年淮安市新发职业病疾病谱调查

Disease spectrum survey of new occupational disease cases in Huaian City from 2006-2016

目的了解淮安市新发职业病疾病谱,职业病发病分布特征,制定有效职业病防治策略。方法通过健康危害因素监测信息系统收集淮安市2006—2016年职业病诊断新病例数据,导入Excel,建立数据库,进行筛选汇总,并利用SPSS 20.0进行分析。结果 2006—2016年淮安市共诊断485例职业病新病例,涉及10大类32种职业病,其中尘肺388例,占80.00%。其次是职业中毒(51例,10.52%)。噪声聋、苯中毒、光气中毒、铅及其化合物中毒在除尘肺病外的其他职业病中占据前几位,所占比例分别为16.30%、12.20%、12.20%和9.20%。82.65%的病例来自于国防施工,有通用专业设备制造业、煤炭开采和洗选业、化学原料及化学品制造业、非金属矿物制品业等行业。淮安市本地企业职业病发病近年成下降趋势。结论淮安市新发职业病涉及种类较多,以尘肺病和职业中毒为主。职业病防治形势不容乐观。职业病危害严重的几大重点行业、重要危害因素是淮安市职业病防治工作应该关注的重点。需完善和建立多部门协调管理制度,预防职业中毒和中毒事件的发生。

[Objective] To understand the new occupational disease spectrum and distribution characteristics of occupational disease in Huaian City, and formulate effective occupational disease prevention strategies. [Methods] Data of new case diagnosis of occupational diseases in Huai＇an City from 2006-2016 were collected through Health Hazard Monitoring Information System.The data were imported into Excel, and the database was set up for screening. The data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0. [Results] A total of 485 cases of new occupational diseases were diagnosed in Huai＇an City from 2006-2016, involving 32 occupational diseases in 10 categories, among which 388 cases were pneumoconiosis, accounting for 80.00%. Followed by occupational poisoning（51 cases, 10.52%）. Noise deafness, benzene poisoning, phosgene poisoning, lead and its compound poisoning were among the leading occupational diseases besides pneumoconiosis. The proportions were 16.30%, 12.20%, 12.20%, and 9.20% respectively.82.65% of cases came from defense construction, including general-purpose professional equipment manufacturing, coal mining and washing, chemical materials and chemical manufacturing, and non-metal mineral products. The incidence of occupational diseases in local enterprises in huai ＇an had been decreasing in recent years. [Conclusion] New occupational diseases cases involve many kinds in Huai ＇an, mainly pneumoconiosis and occupational poisoning. The situation of occupational disease prevention is not optimistic. Several key industries with serious occupational hazards and important hazards are the focus of occupational disease prevention and control in huaian city. It is necessary to establish a multi-department coordinated management system, and prevent occupational poisoning and poisoning incidents.