2013—2017年沈阳市丙型肝炎流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Shenyang City from 2013-2017

目的掌握沈阳市丙型肝炎发病强度和流行病学特征,为制定防治规划和评价实施效果提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法分析沈阳市丙型肝炎疫情资料。结果 2013—2017年沈阳市共报告丙型肝炎3 834例,年均报告发病率为9.30/10万,不同年份报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);男性年均报告发病率为10.73/10万(2 240例),女性年均报告发病率为7.84/10万(1 594例),男性年均报告发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);家务及待业、不详、离退人员、农民报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的30.65%(1 175例)、19.95%(765例)、18.31%(702例)、17.63%(676例);45~69岁年龄组报告发病数占全部报告发病数的60.33%(2 313例)。结论 2013—2017年沈阳市丙型肝炎男性报告发病率高于女性,中老年人群发病为主,职业发病高峰明显。应广泛开展卫生宣传和健康教育工作,戒除行为危险因素;加强对重点人群的监控,实施行为干预;加强医院消毒隔离工作,有效控制医源内感染;加强专业人员培训,提高实验室检测水平,确保诊断的特异性和准确性。

[Objective]To understand the disease intensity and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis C in Shenyang City,and provide an accurate basis for formulating prevention and control planning and evaluating the implementation effect.[Methods] The epidemic data of hepatitis c in Shenyang City were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiology. [Results] From 2013-2017, totally 3 834 cases were reported in Shenyang, with the annual reported incidence of 930/100 000 and significant difference between years（P〈0.01）. The annual reported incidence rate of males was 1 073/100 000（2 240 cases）, that of male was 7.84/100 000（1 594 cases）, with significant difference（P〈0.01）. Cases of household, unknown, retired person, farmer accounted for 30.65%（1 175 cases）, 19.95%（765 cases）, 18.31%（702 cases） and 17.63%（676 cases） of the total cases. The age group of 45-69 year old accounted for 60.33%（2 313 cases） of the total cases. [Conclusion] The incidence of hepatitis C of male is higher than that of female, the incidence of middle aged and elderly people is high, the occupation peak is obvious in Shenyang City from 2013-2017. Health publicity and health education should be extensively carried out to eliminate behavioral risk factors. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of key groups and implement behavioral intervention, to strengthen the hospital disinfection and isolation to control the iatrogenic infection effectively, and to enhance professional training, to improve laboratory testing level, so as to ensure specificity and accuracy of diagnosis.