2010—2017年绵阳市职业病发病规律与特征

Regularity and characteristics of occupational diseases in Mianyang City from 2010-2017

目的了解绵阳市职业病发病规律和特征,为制定职业病防治措施提供依据。方法对2010—2017年全市职业病报告数据进行统计分析。结果 2010—2017年绵阳市共报告新发职业病5大类12种146例,尘肺和职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病发病数位居前2位,分别占病例总数的85.62%和11.64%。全市10个区县均有职业病报告,安州区、江油市和涪城区病例数位居前3位,分别占病例数的36.31%,33.56%和12.33%。男女病例性别比为145:1,平均发病年龄(44.14±8.53)岁,平均接触工龄(12.26±9.88)年。病例分布在9个行业,采矿业和制造业病例数位居前2位,分别占43.15%和33.56%。私有经济企业占52.05%,国有经济企业占34.93%。企业规模以小型企业为主,占59.59%。结论近年来绵阳市新诊断职业病以尘肺和职业性耳鼻喉口腔疾病为主,职业病发生在全市每个地区和多个行业,私有经济企业和小型企业应成为职业卫生工作的重点监控对象。

[Objective] To provide evidence for the development of occupational diseases prevention and control measures by understanding the regular pattern and characteristics of occupational diseases in Mianyang City. [Methods] The data of occupational diseases in Mianyang City from 2010-2017 was analyzed statistically. [Results] From 2010 to 2017, a total of 146 cases of occupational diseases were reported in Mianyang City, involving five categories and twelve kinds of occupational diseases.The two frequent diseases were pneumoconiosis（85.62%）, and occupational ear, nose, and throat（ENT） diseases（11.64%）. Patients with occupational disease were reported in ten districts/counties of Mianyang City, mostly in Anzhou District（36.31%）, Jiangyou City（33.56%） and Fucheng District（12.33%）. The ratio of male to female cases was 145：1. The average age of onset was（44.14 ±8.53） years old, and the average of service length was（12.26 ±9.88） years. The cases occurred in 9 industries, mainly including mining industry（43.15%） and manufacturing industry（33.56%）. Of all cases, 52.05% were in the private economic enterprises,34.93% were in the public economic enterprises. The enterprise scale was mainly small enterprise（59.59%）. [Conclusion] In recent years, the newly diagnosed occupational diseases in Mianyang City mainly consist of pneumoconiosis and occupational ENT diseases. Occupational diseases occur in each region and in various industries. Private economic enterprises and small enterprises should become the focus of occupational health monitoring.