摘要
Driven by expanding applications in mobile electronics,grid storage,and electric vehicles,the global lithium-ion battery market is projected to reach>45 billion dollars by2022[1].While each of these applications has a distinct set of energy storage requirements(lifetime,safety,cost,volume,weight),a significant market share would
Driven by expanding applications in mobile electronics, grid storage, and electric vehicles, the global lithium-ion battery market is projected to reach 〉45 billion dollars by 2022 [1]. While each of these applications has a distinct set of energy storage requirements （lifetime, safety, cost, volume, weight）, a significant market share would directly benefit from the availability of high voltage （〉4.5 V） li- thium ion batteries （LIBs） with enhanced power and energy density. Cathode chemistries of 5 V class which offer these improved theoretical metrics are readily available, as exemplified by the 4.6 V lithium nickel-manganese oxide （LNMO） and 4.8 V lithium cobalt phosphate （LCP）; however, their commercial application is limited by the lack of a compatible electrolyte. When cycled with the hallmark carbonate-based electrolytes that have been used as workhorse by LIB industry since its birth, LNMO/graphite cells exhibit significant gassing and rapid capacity fade as a result of the electrolyte＇s ther- modynamic instability above ～4.5 V vs. lithium metal.
