肠道菌群在多发性硬化发病机制中的研究进展

Intestinal flora and its pathogenic mechanism in multiple sclerosis

多发性硬化(MS)是一种中枢神经系统自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病,其确切发病机制尚不明确。中枢免疫应答紊乱是多发性硬化的重要机制之一,肠道菌群失调可诱导局部免疫应答反应,外周活化的免疫细胞及其分泌的免疫因子随着血液循环穿过血脑屏障到达中枢后,导致中枢异常的免疫应答反应。肠道菌群还可以通过调控中枢神经系统的免疫应答、调节代谢、增加肠道屏障的通透性以及破坏血脑屏障等途径来影响多发性硬化的发生发展过程。本文对肠道菌群在多发性硬化发病过程中的作用机制进行综述,以进一步认识多发性硬化的发病机制,继而为多发性硬化的治疗提供新方向。

Multiple sclerosis （MS） is an autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, the exact pathogenesis of MS is not clear at the moment. Central immune response disorder is one of the important mechanism of MS. Intestinal flora imbalance may induce local immune response, and later peripheral activated immune cells and their immune factors, with the blood circulation, travel through the blood-brain barrier to the center, resulting in abnormal central immune response. The intestinal flora can also affect the occurrence and development of MS by regulating the immune response of the central nervous system, regulating the metabolism, increasing the permeability of the intestinal barrier and destroying the blood-brain barrier. The present paper tends to review the action mechanism of intestinal flora on the process and pathogenesis of MS, in order to further understanding the pathogenesis of MS and seeking a new direction for the treatment.