清远市清新区急救门诊医务人员丙肝职业暴露认知和防护行为调查

Investigation on the occupational exposure cognition of HCV and protective behaviors of the emergency outpatient medical staff in Qingxin District of Qingyuan

目的:了解清新区急救门诊医务人员丙型肝炎职业暴露认知和防护行为水平,为其开展丙肝职业暴露干预提供科学依据。方法:整群随机抽取清远市清新区12个卫生医疗机构的急救门诊医务人员进行丙肝职业暴露认知和防护行为的问卷调查。结果:共调查急救门诊医务人员203名;其丙肝职业暴露相关知识知晓率为57.55%,认知平均得分为(66.7±19.7)分;一级医院认知得分低于二级医院;大专及以下认知得分低于硕士及以上;<10年工作年限者认知得分低于≥30年者;男性与女性间认知得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);"标准预防的原则"及"感染HCV的血液透析患者,使用透析机的治疗原则",职业暴露防护行为差异显著。结论:清新区急救门诊医务人员对丙型肝炎职业暴露防范意识不强,存在较严重的防护不当行为。今后须每年加强知识薄弱点的宣传,不断提升急救门诊医务人员丙肝职业暴露认知和防护行为技能,尤其是一级医院急救门诊医务人员的自身专业能力。

Objective： To know the occupational exposure cognition of HCV and protective behavior level of the emergency outpatient medical staff in Qingxin District for providing scientific basis for the intervention of occupational exposure of HCV. Methods： A questionnaire survey was carried out on the occupational exposure cognition of HCV and protective behaviors in medical staff of the emergency outpatients of 12 health medical institutions in Qingxin District of Qingyuan. Results： A total of 203 medical staff were investigated.The knowledge awareness rate of HCV occupational exposure was 57.55%,the average score of cognition was（66.7±19.7）; the cognitive scores of first-level hospitals were lower than that of secondlevel hospitals; staff of junior college or bellow scored lower in cognition than staff with master＇s degree or above; those with less than 10 years＇ working experiences scored lower in cognition than those with 30 or more years of working experiences; and there was no significant difference in cognitive scores between males and females（P 〉0. 05）; but as for the cognition of ＂standard precautionary principle ＂ and＂hemodialysis patients infected with HCV,treatment principles of using dialysis machine＂,there existed the greatest difference of occupational exposure protection behaviors. Conclusion： Medical staff of emergency outpatient in Qingxin District had weak occupational exposure preventive awareness of HCV.There existed serious protection misconduct. In the future,it is necessary to strengthen the publicity of the related knowledges every year,continuously improve the cognitive and protective behavior skills of the medical staff in the emergency outpatient, esp. improve the professional competence of emergemcy outpatient medical staff in first-level hospitals.