基于健康信念的照护策略对白血病化疗患者自我管理能力的影响

Effects of Nursing Strategy on Self-management Ability of Leukemia Patients Who Underwent Chemotherapy Based on Health Beliefs

目的:探讨基于健康信念的照护策略对白血病化疗患者自我管理能力的影响。方法:将白血病患者88例按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各44例。对照组开展常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上引入健康信念的照护策略。2组患者在干预前及干预后第2周末依据自我护理能力量表(ESCA)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价自我管理能力。结果:2组患者干预前自我管理能力比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);干预后研究组患者的自我护理能力、自护责任感、自我护理技能、自我概念及健康知识水平得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。2组患者干预前SAS和SDS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0. 05);干预后研究组患者SAS和SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论:引入基于健康信念的照护策略有助于提高白血病化疗患者自我管理能力,降低患者消极情感状况。

Objective： To discuss the effects of nursing strategy on self-management ability of leukemiapatients who underwent chemotherapy based on health beliefs. Methods： All 88 patients were randomized into thestudy group and the control group according to random number table method, 44 cases each group. The controlgroup accepted routine care, and the study group nursing strategy based on health beliefs on the foundation of thetherapy the control group received. Self-management ability was assessed by SDS, SAS and ESCA before theintervention and by the end of the second week after the intervention. Results： The difference was insignificant in thecomparisons of self-management ability between both groups before the intervention（P 〉0.05）; after theintervention, the study group was higher than the control group in the ability of self-nurse, self-nurse responsibility,self-concept and the scores of health knowledge level, and the difference had statistical meaning（P〈0.05）. Thedifference showed no statistical meaning in the comparisons o f SAS and SDS between both groups before theintervention（P〉0.05）; after the intervention, the study group was lower than the control goup in SAS and SDS, andthere was a significant difference（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Nursing strategy based on health beliefs is helpful to raiseself-management ability of leukemia patients who underwent chemotherapy and decrease negative emotions of thepatients.