2016年湖南省郴州市人间布鲁菌病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of human brucellosis in Chenzhou City of Hunan Province in 2016

目的 分析2016年郴州市人间布鲁菌病（简称布病）流行特征，为制订布病的防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述流行病学方法，对2016年来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统及郴州市疾病预防控制中心报告的郴州市人间布病病例的时间、地区和人群分布情况，布病传播源和传播途径进行分析。结果 2016年，郴州市共报告人间布病病例43例，发病率为0.91／10万；其中，男性34例、女性9例，年龄为（47.79 ± 15.16）岁。报告病例主要集中在4 - 8月份，共36例；发病年龄以中年为主，40 - 60岁年龄组报告病例31例，占总病例数的72.09%（31／43）。发热、乏力、多汗是布病病例的主要临床症状。在43例布病病例中，42例有动物接触史，羊为主要传染源，占78.57%（33／42）。结论 2016年郴州市人间布病发病主要集中在春夏季，发病年龄以中年为主，男性高于女性，居民防护意识薄弱。对与动物直接接触的高危人群，应深入开展布病防治知识健康教育，切实控制人间布病疫情的发生。

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of human brucellosis in Chenzhou City and provide a scientific basis for controlling brucellosis. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the distribution of the cases, the source of transmission and the transmission route of human brucellosis reported in 2016 from the China Information System For Disease Control and Prevention and the Chenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results In 2016, a total of 43 cases of human brucellosis were reported, with an incidence rate of 0.91/105. Among them, 34 males and 9 famales; age is （47.79 ± 15.16） years old. The peak period of brucellosis cases was reported from April to August, totally 36 cases. The age of brucellosis cases was mainly middle-aged, and thirty-one cases were reported in the age 40 to 60 years, accounting for 72.09% （31/43） of all cases. Fever, weak and hyperhidrosis were main clinical symptoms of brucellosis. Among the 43 cases of brucellosis, 42 cases had a history of animal contact, and sheep was the main source of infection, accounting for 78.57% （33/42）. Conclusions In 2016, the cases of human brucellosis in Chenzhou City were mainly concentrated in spring and summer, the age of onset was mainly middle-aged, and males were higher than females. It is necessary to carry out in-depth knowledge and health education on disease prevention and control for high-risk groups in direct contact with animals, and effectively control the occurrence of human brucellosis.