东沟钼矿露天台阶爆破参数优化研究

Parameters Optimization of Open Pit Bench Blasting in Donggou Molybdenum Mine

为了提高东沟钼矿台阶爆破的破碎效果,降低爆破成本,结合东沟钼矿采场地质条件从理论上分析了影响台阶爆破质量的主要参数,并针对该矿山在爆破生产过程中遇到的根底和大块问题提出将单耗作为定量,通过改变和调整排距、底盘抵抗线、超深等参数并结合数值模拟得出三者对大块影响的主次关系为超深>排距>底盘抵抗线,对根底影响的主次关系为底盘抵抗线>超深>排距。最后得到台阶爆破的推荐参数排距×底盘抵抗线×超深分别为安山岩3.9 m×4.1 m×1.4 m、英安岩4.1 m×4.3 m×1.4 m、火山角砾岩4.1 m×4.5 m×1.2 m。通过实践表明优化后的推荐参数使大块率明显降低且根底率由0.74%降低到0.34%。

In order to improve the crushing effect of the bench blasting in Donggou molybdenum mine and reduce the cost of blasting, the main parameters of influencing the quality of the step blasting were analyzed theoretically according to the stope geological conditions of Donggou molybdenum mine. In view of problems of the rate of bedrock and the bulk appeared in the blasting process, it is proposed to adopt a unit consumption as fixed quantity to gain the influencing relationship of the row distance, the bottom burden, and the ultra depth on the rate of bedrock and the bulk. By changing and adjusting these three parameters and combining with the numerical simulation, it is concluded that the hierarchical relationship of the three factors on the bulk rate is listed as the ultra depththe row distancethe bottom burden, and the hierarchical relationship on the root is the bottom burdenthe ultra depththe row distance. Finally, the parameters of bench blasting in the form of the row spacing×the bottom burden×the ultra depth are recommended as 3.9 m×4.1 m ×1.4 m for andesite, 4.1 m×4.3 m×1.4 m for dacite and 4.1 m×4.5 m×1.2 m for volcanic breccia. The practice indicated that the bulk rate was significantly reduced and the rate of bedrock was dropped from 0.74% to 0.34% after recommendation.