粒度对蓝辉铜矿与黄铁矿浮选分离特性的影响

Effect of Particle Size on Flotation Kinetics Characteristics of Digenite and Pyrite

为了探究粒度对蓝辉铜矿和黄铁矿浮选分离的影响,对这2种矿物在丁基黄药浮选体系中的浮选动力学特性进行研究。单矿物浮选试验结果表明,在矿浆pH值为11.4,丁基黄药用量为20 mg/L时,2种矿物可浮性差异最大。动电位测试结果表明,与仅添加CaO时相比,添加丁基黄药后,蓝辉铜矿表面电位下降幅度较大,黄铁矿表面电位几乎没变,CaO主要通过静电作用吸附在黄铁矿表面。人工混合矿浮选试验结果表明,粒度为38~74μm时,2种矿物的浮选回收率及分离效率均达到最大值。浮选动力学特性分析结果表明,经典的一级动力学模型可较好地模拟不同粒级混合矿中蓝辉铜矿和黄铁矿的浮选过程,在颗粒粒度为38~74μm时,2种矿物R∞值和K值均达到最大,即在此粒度范围内矿物可浮性好,引入t_(95)、t_(99)可以更好地预测最优浮选时间。

In order to study the influence of particle size on the flotation separation of digenite and pyrite. Their flotation kinetics characteristics were studied in the sodium butyl xanthate（SBX）system. The pure mineral flotation test results show that the flotability differences between the two minerals are the largest when pH is 11.4,and the dosage of SBX is 20 mg/L.Zeta potential measurement results show that,surface potential of digenite greatly decreased,while pyrite surface potential slightly changed when adding SBX,compared with adding CaO,CaO adsorbs on pyrite mainly through the electrostatic interaction. The artificially mixed minerals flotation test results show that the maximum recovery and separation efficiency can be obtained when particle size is between 38 and 74 μm. The results of kinetic analysis show that the classic one-order flotation kinetics formula can better simulate the flotation of digenite and pyrite mixed by different particle sizes,the maximum value of R∞and K can be obtained when the particle size is between 38 and 74 μm,the floability of the ore is optinum in this particle size scale,t_（95） and t_（99） can be used to evaluate the optimal flotation time.