多层级气候治理:现状与障碍

Multilevel Climate Governance: the Triple Marginalization of the Climate Issue

文章认为随着全球治理的参与主体日益多元化，通过多层级治理来推进气候减缓和适应，已经成为全球气候治理的题中之义。通过对气候议题在全球、国家、地方三个层面上的运转机制的考察，文章指出，在多层级气候治理体系中，气候议题可谓遭遇了“三重边缘化”困境，即在全球层面，“《联合国气候变化框架公约》＋缔约方会议”模式以及大量的《公约》外相关机制，导致了目前国际气候制度“碎片化”程度的增加、权威性减弱；在国家层面，基于“国家自主贡献”的自主减排机制，使国家利益和国家内部博弈进一步阻碍各国形成气候行动合力；在地方层面，城市发展与低碳转型之间目前仍存在矛盾，因而需要客观看待城市气候创新行动的广泛性和持久性。

Given the increasing plurality of actors involved in global governance, promoting climate mitigation and adaptation through a multilevel governance approach is revealing remarkable potential. This paper examines the operational mechanisms of climate governance at the global, national and local levels. At the global level, the UNFCCC COP model and considerable mecha- nisms outside the Convention exacerbate the fragmentation of the international climate system while weakening its authority. At the national level, the Nationally Determined Contributions （NDCs） emissions reduction arrangement strengthens national interests and intra - state games, further hinders the synergies of climate action in each country. At the local level, there are still contra- dictions between urban development and low -carbon transformation at present. Therefore, it is necessary to objectively examine the extensiveness and sustainability of urban climate innovation initiatives. To sum up, the climate issue has suffered the triple marginalization to some extent in the muhilevel climate governance system.