弱精子症发生的分子机制研究进展

Molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of asthenospermia

近年来男性不育越来越受到国内外学者的重视,其中弱精子症是导致男性不育的常见原因之一,主要表现为精子活力低下。目前的研究表明弱精子症发病机制复杂多样,主要包括基因突变、离子通道改变、氧化应激、微量元素含量变化等方面,并且相关研究也取得了一定的进展,对它们的讨论不断深入,但其机制尚未完全阐明。本文对近年来国内外关于弱精子症分子生物学发病机制的相关文献进行回顾与总结,从相关基因突变、离子通道改变、蛋白水平的改变、表观遗传学等方面对弱精子症进行具体阐述,希望能够为临床诊断和治疗弱精子症提供依据。

In recent years, male infertility has received more and more attention from scholars at home and abroad. Asthenosper-mia is one of the common causes of male infertility, the main manifestation of which is low sperm motility. Current studies show that the pathogenic factors for asthenospermia are complex and diverse, including gene mutations, alteration of ion channels, oxidative stress, changes in the contents of trace elements, and others. Despite the progress made in the related researches, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of asthenospermia have not yet been fully elucidated. With a review of the recent relevant literature published at home and abroad, this article presents an overview on the related gene mutations, aheration of ion channels, changes in the levels of pro-teins, epigenetics, and other molecular biological mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of asthenospermia, hoping to provide some evidence for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of asthenospermia.