cGAS-cGAMP-STING信号通路研究进展

The Study of cGAS-cGAMP-STING-mediated Type I Interferons Signaling Pathway

天然免疫是机体抵御病原体感染的第一道防线。近年来,胞质DNA受体识别外源DNA的机制及DNA病毒诱导的Ⅰ型干扰素激活过程的研究进展迅速。胞内的DNA受体c GAS(cyclic GMP-AMP synthase,c GAS)识别胞质DNA后,产生第二信使c GAMP(cyclic GMP-AMP,c GAMP),随后c GAMP与接头蛋白STING(stimulator of interferon,STING)结合并激活Ⅰ型干扰素信号通路。机体抵抗DNA病毒感染主要依赖c GAS-c GAMP-STING介导的Ⅰ型干扰素信号通路。对该信号通路的研究,不仅有助于我们加深对病原体感染引起的Ⅰ型干扰素信号转导过程的理解,并为自身免疫性疾病以及肿瘤免疫的药物设计提供理论基础。

The innate immune system is the first line for host defense against invading pathogens. In recent years, research on the mechanism of cytoplasmic DNA receptor recognition of exogenous DNA and the activation of DNA virus induced type Ⅰ interferon have been progressing rapidly. After the intracellular DNA receptor c GAS（cyclic GMP-AMP synthase） recognizes the cytoplasmic DNA, it produces second messenger c GAMP（cyclic GMP-AMP）, and then c GAMP combined with the adaptor STING（stimulator of interferon） to activate the production of type Ⅰ interferons. The host resistance to DNA virus infection is mainly dependent on the c GAS-c GAMP-STING-mediated type Ⅰ interferons signaling pathway. The study of c GAS-c GAMP-STING not only helps us to deepen our understanding of the signal transduction of type Ⅰ interferon, but also provides a theoretical basis for the drug design of autoimmune diseases and tumor immunity.