2015～2017年湘西自治州疑似预防接种异常反应监测

Surveillance on adverse events following immunization,Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture,2015-2017

目的了解湘西自治州疑似预防接种异常反应监测质量和发生特征。方法通过中国免疫规划信息管理系统收集湘西自治州2015~2017年AEFI个案和疫苗接种数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果湘西自治州2015~2017年共报告AEFI 653例,报告发生率为23.36/10万剂。一般反应、异常反应、严重异常反应报告发生率分别为22.00/10万剂、1.29/10万剂、0.17/10万剂;一般反应以发热、红肿、硬结为主,异常反应以过敏性皮疹和荨麻疹为主;报告病例中,男女性别比为1.24∶1;≤2岁儿童占83.77%;1~2月报告数最少,6~8月报告数最多;90.35%的AEFI发生在接种疫苗后1d内;第一类疫苗中报告发生率前3位的是MR、JEV-L、DTaP,第二类疫苗报告发生率前3位的是JEV-I、PPV23、DTap-Hib;除2015年及时性指标外,其余各项监测指标均达国家监测方案要求。结论湘西自治州2015~2017年AEFI监测工作运行情况良好,敏感性和及时性指标逐年提高,预防接种安全性良好。

Objective To understand the surveillance quality and characteristics of adverse events following immunization in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture. Methods AEFI reported data and vaccine doses administered data from 2015 to 2017 were collected through the National Immunization Management System,Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for analyses. Results A total of 653 cases were collected with an incidence of 23.36/105 doses,22.00/105 doses,1.29/105 doses,and 0.17/105 doses for common reactions,abnormal reactions,and serous abnormal vaccine reactions respectively.The common vaccine reactions were mainly fever,redness and induration,The most common reactions were anaphylactic rash and urticaria;Among reported AEFI data,the male to female ratio was 1.24：1;83.77%reports were children aged≤2 years old;The least reports occurred in January and February,The most reports occurred in June and August;90.35% occurred within 1 dafter vaccination;The top three type I vaccines for reported AEFIs were MR,JEV-L and DTaP,The top three type II vaccines for reported AEFIs were JEV-I,PPV23 and DTap-Hib;All of the monitoring indicators met the requirements by the national monitoring program,expect for the 2015 timeliness index.Conclusion AEFI surveillance works well in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture from 2015 to 2017.The sensitivity and timeliness indexes of the AEFI greatly increase year by year,and the immunization safety is good.