学龄前儿童龋齿的影响因素分析

Influence factors of saprodontia in preschoolers

目的探讨学龄前儿童龋齿的影响因素与防治措施。方法采用整群抽样法调查分析785名学龄前儿童的患龋情况,设计自制调查量表录入儿童及家庭信息,采用SPSS 20.0统计分析儿童患龋的影响因素,并行logistic回归分析探讨其保护性因素与危险因素。结果本次调查共回收737例有效量表,回收率93.9%,儿童患龋率38.5%,龋均2.53。儿童年龄、出生体质量、足月产/早产、喂养方式、食用甜食和饮料的频率、开始刷牙的年龄与刷牙频率、母亲有无妊娠期口腔炎症、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期补钙、父母是否龋齿、是否定期携带儿童口腔检查均为儿童患龋的影响因素(P<0.05);其中年龄≥5岁、低出生体质量儿、经常食用甜食、刷牙频率<1次/d、妊娠期口腔炎症及父母龋齿为儿童患龋的危险因素(P<0.05),母乳喂养、妊娠期补钙及定期携带儿童口腔检查是儿童患龋的的保护性因素(P<0.05)。结论儿童患龋率较高,加大健康宣传力度,提高家长的护齿保健意识是控制儿童龋齿的有效手段之一。

Objective To explore the influence factors and controlling measure of saprodontia in preschoolers. Methods Totally 785 preschoolers were selected with cluster sampling method,and information on children and their family was recorded by self-control questionnaire scale. The influence factors were analyzed by SPSS 20.0,and both protective factors and risk factors were established by logistic regression. Results There were 737 valid questionnaire scales in all,and the recovery rate was93. 9%,with the saprodontia rate 38. 5% and the saprodontia average 2. 53. Children age,birth body mass,gestation length,feeding patterns,sweetmeat and beverages frequency,brush teeth age,brush teeth frequency,oral inflammation during pregnancy,gestational diabetes mellitus,calcium supplement during pregnancy,parent saprodontia and whether to do children＇s oral examination regularly were all influence factors of saprodontia （P 0. 05）. The aged five and above,low birth weight infant,frequent sweetmeat,brushing frequency less than one time a day,oral inflammation during pregnancy and parent saprodontia were risk factors for children saprodontia （P〈0.05）. And breast feeding,calcium supplement in gestation period and do children＇s oral examination regularly were all protection factors for children saprodontia （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Children have high caries rate,and increasing health promotion and improving the nursing care awareness of parents is one of the effective means to control children＇s dental caries.