红外相机技术在物种监测中的应用及数据挖掘

Application and data mining of infra-red camera in the monitoring of species

由于濒危物种数量稀少以及大多数野生动物对人类活动敏感,增加了传统调查的难度。众所周知,红外相机在野生动物调查研究中具有天然优势;然而随着红外相机技术的广泛推广应用及数据采集量的不断加大,科研人员也面临了一系列关于红外相机监测及后续数据处理中出现的问题。本文详细阐述了红外相机数据管理和利用方面存在的3个关键问题:数据管理缺乏规范化、数据网络缺乏一体化、数据获取缺乏标准化。同时以秦岭、卧龙等地的一些研究为主体,列举分析了红外相机照片后续数据挖掘中8个方面的内容,即兽类的个体识别、物种时间活动格局、物种空间活动格局、偶见物种信息利用、物种行为活动、繁殖信息、疾病情况、人为干扰。这些信息的有效利用可为野生动物及生物多样性的保护、管理提供一定科学支撑。

Wildlife population is low and most of them are very sensitive to human disturbing, which makes traditional survey difficult. As known, infra-red camera technology has many advantages in wildlife study. However, with its wide application and increased data amount, researchers are facing some problems con- cerning infra-red camera monitoring and later data processing and analyzing. This paper describes in details three key problems on infra-red camera data management and use, such as lacking standardization, integra-tion and normalization. The present paper also lists and analyzes eight aspects about photo data mining, based on researches carried out in the Qinling Mountains, Wolong Nature Reserve, etc. It involves individual recognition, temporal/spatial activity pattern, information-extracting of occasional species, behavior and re-production, disease situation and interference by humans. If all this information can be used effectively, we hope to provide scientific support at some extent on wildlife and biodiversity conservation and management in future.