论女性主义知识论视域中的知识本性

On the Nature of Knowledge in Feminist Epistemology

对知识本性的研究是知识论的主题之一。从笛卡尔开始,西方哲学的知识论转向确立了一种个体知识论,旨在获得一种确定的、普遍客观的知识。20世纪80年代中期兴起的社会知识论着重考察了知识构成的社会维度,丰富了人们对知识论的理解。与社会知识论几乎同时兴起的女性主义知识论则从性别分析角度入手,对知识的情境性、视角性做了考察,主张一种情境知识,不仅反思和批判了传统知识论的客观性和普遍性的主张,同时也扩展和深化了知识本性的研究。

The nature of knowledge is an important topic in epistemology. Since Descartes, most philosophers have attached importance to the theory of knowledge, and established an individual epistemology which is intended to obtain a certain, general objective knowledge. Social epistemology emerged in the mid 1980s, which focuses on the social dimension of knowledge, and provides a much richer understanding for the theory of knowledge. At the same time, feminist epistemology claims a situated knowledge from the perspective of gender analysis. It not only reflects and criticizes the objectivity and universality in traditional epistemology, but also extends and deepens the study of the nature of knowledge.