从出土文献看《左传》的史学成就

The Historical Achievements of Zuozhuan from the Perspective of Unearthed Documents

过去由于传世先秦史著匮乏,限制了我们对《左传》史学创作认识的进一步加深。然而,现今通过与新出土史类文献的比较可以发现,《左传》的内容具有无可比拟的丰富性和完整性;同时在思想上,《左传》对历史有着深刻的思考,将道德训诫、历史理性预测融入到叙事之中。这一史学创作的突破与创新,主要受作者身份、传书性质、成书过程、当时社会环境等因素的共同影响。作为先秦史学的突出代表,《左传》推动了中国传统史学的发展与成熟。

The lack of historical works of the pre-Qin dynasty confined our deeper understanding of the history of Zuozhuan.However,the content of Zuozhuan has been found to be of incomparable richness and integrity through the comparison between the previously and newly unearthed historical documents.In terms of ideology,Zuozhuan has a great insight into the history,illustrating moral discipline and historical rational prediction in a unique narrative way.The breakthrough and innovation of this historiography is mainly influenced by the author’s identity,the nature of the book,the process of writing,and the social environment at that time.As a prominent representative of pre-Qin historiography,Zuozhuan promoted the development and maturity of Chinese traditional historiography.