纳米多孔铜的结构调控与表征

Structural control and characterization of nanoporous Cu

纳米多孔铜(NPC)作为一种新型功能纳米材料,具有高比表面积、高通透性、高导电导热性和低密度等特点,有望在催化、分离和能源等领域得到应用。然而,目前还缺少对NPC结构调控的有效方法,多数方法制备出的NPC为韧带尺寸>100 nm的大孔材料,不利于它们在催化、分离等方面的应用。本文为进一步降低NPC的韧带尺寸,通过调控Al-Cu合金前驱体的相结构、并对其实施去合金化,最终可控地制备出最小特征尺寸为20 nm的二级孔和准二维片状两种NPC。其中,准二维片状NPC的去合金化制备是首次实现,为开发性能优异的准二维纳米多孔金属材料提供了技术思路。

As a new type of functional nanomaterial, nanoporous Cu（NPC） possesses high specific surface areas, high permeabilities, high electrical and thermal conductivities, low densities, etc. Thus, it is expected to be applicable in the fields of catalysis, separation and energy. However, effective methods to control NPC structures are still lacking at present, and NPC samples synthesized by most existing methods are usually macroporous materials with ligament sizes larger than 100 nm, which is not beneficial to their applications in catalysis and separation. In order to further reduce the ligament size of NPC, here we have successfully synthesized two types of NPC samples with the minimum feature size of 20 nm, two-level porous NPC and quasi-2 D lamellate NPC, by controlling the phase structure of Al-Cu alloy precursors and dealloying them. The realization of the dealloying preparation of the quasi-2 D lamellate NPC is the first, which provides a technical strategy for the development of quasi-2 D nanoporous metal materials with outstanding properties.